单方势阱和多重方势阱的能级和波函数

本文用BASIC语言编程,讨论了单方势阱和多重方势阱的能级和波函数,得到了一些既直观又定量的结论。对于一些有代表性的波函数绘出了波形。     

一种新的快速测定化学耗氧量的方法

本文对化学耗氧量标准测定方法进行了改进.改进后以硫酸锰作催化剂,在硫酸或硫磷混酸(5∶1)中,采用相同的氧化剂以及价廉的吸收剂排除干扰,可降低分析成本,对环境不造成二次污染,其回收率在98％以上,且与标准法无显著差异,适用于工业废水和生活污水中COD的监测.     

超细Fe(OH)_2悬浮液氧化反应中氧传递速率

基于膜理论,分析了含有超细Fe(OH)_2颗粒的淤浆中氧气的传递速率。利用数值解与近似解法给出了增强因子与反应-扩散模数间的关系,两者符合很好。实验验证了Fe(OH)_2的氧化速率与其粒径成反比。     

Oxygen consumption and the evolution of order: negentropy criteria applied to the evolution of ants

Optimization of energy use by evolving organisms, predicted by theoretical extensions of the neo-Darwinian theory, i. contrasted with that of irreversible thermodynamics, which predicts an increase in orderliness and thus an increase in energy consumption per unit of biomass. We compared this index with estimates of social complexity among ant genera and species. Our results show that simple optimization models cannot explain experimental data, and that social complexity correlates differently with negentropy at different levels of analysis. Comparing the genera among Formicidae, workers (not colonies) from genera with highly social species are less negentropic than those of socially primitive ones. At the sub-generic level, social complexity correlated positively with negentropy among species, for major workers inAcromyrmex and for minor workers inAtta. The results illustrate the complexity of thermodynamic criteria in the study of evolution but also hint at their usefulness. In this case, they show that two different evolutionary routes to the complex Attini ant societies may exist.     

中国东部温泉水和井水的氢氧同位素初步研究

对安徽、山东、辽宁的几处温泉水和井水的氧和氢同位素进行了对比研究,发现温泉水的氧和氢同位素值都低于井水的氧和氢同位素值。温泉水和井水的氧和氢同位素值都落在大气降水线附近,与Craig所作的大气降水线较为吻合。这一结果说明该地区温泉水和井水的补给源都来自大气降水。温泉水的δ~(18)O值变化范围很小,说明δ~(18)O值可能受该地区地质构造控制。温泉水和井水氧和氢同位素值具有明显的纬度效应,它们的氧和氢同位素值随纬度的增大而增加。     

New structure model of oxygen-evolving center and mechanism for oxygen evolution in photosynthesis

So far, many important questions and problems concerning the structure and mechanism of photosynthetic oxygen evolution are still unsolved. On the basis of recent achievements in this field, a new structure model is proposed whereby two H2O molecules bind asymmetrically to two manganese ions (Mn1Ⅱ and Mn4Ⅲ) at the open end of "C" shaped cluster and keep rather large distance. Two histidine residues coordinate to the other two manganese ions in higher oxidation state (Mn2Ⅳ and Mn3Ⅳ ) through their nitrogen atoms of the imidazole. Cl bound as terminal ligand to Mn4Ⅲl is connected to Ca, and the latter is needed to maintain the special configuration of two Mn2O2 units by bridged-oxo and bridged-carboxylate ligands. The whole structure of oxygen evolution center is asymmetry. A new mechanism for oxygen evolution invokes predictions of asymmetric oxidation of two H2O molecules, dynamic structural changes of oxygen e-volving center and indirect proton transport, etc. Only in S2 state, could Mn1Ⅳ = O. intermediate with high oxidation potential be formed. The S2→S3 process occurs with significant structural changes, as well as intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen transfer. The S3 state corresponds to intermediate of Mn1Ⅳ-O… H… O-Mn4Ⅳ . During S3→ [S4] →S0, the O-O bond is formed only in S4 state. The change of nucleophilic interaction between Cl and manganese ions different oxidation states has consequence for the significant structural changes in H2O oxidation process.     

柠檬酸生产过程中溶解氧控制策略的研究

溶解氧是柠檬酸发酵过程中的重要参数之一，但由于影响因素很多，精确模型难以建立，所以不易获得满意的控制效果。本文提出一种选择一预测控制方法。通过仿真证明该方法简单、易实现，且有较好的鲁棒性。     

羰基簇合物途径制备的碳载Pt-Co催化剂阴极抗甲醇性能

通过Pt和Co羰基簇合物途径制备了碳载Pt—Co(Pt-Co／C)复合催化剂．其金属粒子的平均粒径小．相对结晶度很低．与商业化的E-TEK Pt／C催化剂相比,该催化剂具有较好的抗甲醇性能和电催化氧还原活性．